With the continuous development of building energy conservation, the insulation and heat insulation of building structures have become an important part of building energy conservation, and have become a new field of research and application of energy-saving building technology in China. Generally, the roof and wall of the building should be insulated and insulated. There are three types of insulation types of the wall, namely, internal insulation of the wall, external insulation of the wall and core insulation of the wall.The inner wall and inner wall core insulation are mostly made of inorganic materials, while the outside wall insulation is made of inorganic and organic materials.
The following are the top 10 widely used thermal insulation materials in the construction field:
1.Mineral wool
Mineral wool mainly refers to rock wool, slag cotton, glass cotton, aluminum silicate cotton and its products, with the characteristics of small volume density, low thermal conductivity, non-combustion, heat resistance, anti-freeze, anti-corrosion, non-moth, good chemical stability and so on.
Mineral wool is the main insulation material for industry and construction in China. It has a good application prospect in heating buildings in the western and northern areas of China, especially in rural areas and poor areas.
2.Heat-insulating foam
Insulation cotton refers to thermal insulation materials obtained by treating waste cotton fabrics (such as jeans) with non-toxic, fire-retardant and deworming boron. Insulation cotton is suitable for keeping the temperature inside the house in cold climates. The insulation cotton is flat and the installation method is similar to the installation of bamboo fiber insulation. No need to wear breathing masks and safety equipment when installing insulation wool, nor warning labels required by the product..
3.Reflective insulation material
The reflective building insulation material is mainly composed of a transparent resin and a high reflectivity filler, and the commonly used high reflectivity filler is a glass hollow microbead. Reflective building insulation is commonly used for roof rafts, walls or floor joists, using materials that have a high reflection of light and heat, so that most of the energy that the sun illuminates onto the material is reflected rather than absorbed by the material; In the meantime, the thermal conductivity is small and the thermal insulation performance is very good, preventing the conduction of heat through the material.
4.Radiation shield
Radiation-shielded building insulation material refers to the use of materials to improve the heat radiation in the building area, and the sunlight and heat absorbed by the building are emitted into the air with a certain wave, so as to achieve the effect of heat insulation and cooling, so that the surface temperature of the building is lower than the ambient temperature. . This type of insulation material is different from other insulation materials, and the radiation shielding material can only slow down efficiently but not block heat transfer. Radiation shielding insulation materials are usually installed in the attic to reduce heat intake in the summer and heat loss in the winter. The use of radiation shielding insulation materials in summer hot winter and hot summer and cold winter areas can effectively improve the thermal comfort of the residence.
5.Polyurethane spray foam
Sprayed polyurethane foam is a kind of heat-insulating foam. It utilizes the characteristics of polyurethane on-site molding and self-adhesive force. It is directly sprayed on the exterior wall of the building in liquid form. It combines the high efficiency of the spraying process and excellent thermal insulation properties the polyurethane foam.
6.Extruded polystyrene
Extruded polystyrene (XPS) is a new type of thermal insulation material developed in the 1950s and 1960s. It has excellent thermal conductivity, low water absorption and high compressive strength, so it is excellent and durable. Thermal insulation, unique resistance to vapor permeability, high compressive strength, and ease of processing.
7.Expanded polystyrene
Expanded polystyrene (EPS) is a polystyrene material with a continuous closed cell honeycomb structure formed by vacuum extrusion of polystyrene resin and other additives. EPS has a closed cell ratio of 98% or more, so the thermal insulation effect is obvious, with a very low thermal conductivity and a long-lasting thermal resistance retention rate. The thermal resistance retention rate of the material is above 85% after 55 years.
8.Polyisocyanate insulation material
Polyisocyanuric acid is a plastic composed of closed cell foam. Polyisocyanate insulation materials come in several different forms: liquid, spray foam, and rigid foam boards. It is also possible to make composite insulation panels with different finish arrays. In general, direct foam is less expensive than a foam board and performs better because liquid foam covers all surfaces.
9.Fiberglass insulation material
Fiberglass refers to the fibrous material processed by high-temperature fusion of glass, with a diameter of about 10 microns. It has good insulation, heat resistance, good corrosion resistance, high mechanical strength and non-combustibility. The material is inexpensive. Fiberglass insulation is common in air pipes, water pipes, roofs, walls and floors.
10.Bamboo fiber insulation material
Bamboo fiber is also called bamboo fibril, which is different from chemical bamboo viscose fiber (bamboo pulp fiber, bamboo charcoal fiber), which is a bast fiber obtained from the stem of bamboo. Bamboo fiber has the characteristics of antistatic, sound insulation, good insulation and heat resistance, which can significantly improve the energy efficiency of buildings.
